<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<!-- собрано плагином nlj-issue-importer -->
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Цифровое право</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-4271</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-4271</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/3034-4271-2025-1-21-29</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Правотворчество как явление в судебной системе США: некоторые теоретические аспекты развития американского прецедентного права</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Jurisprudence as a phenomenon in the us judicial system: some theoretical aspects of the development of American case law</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газимагомедов</surname><given-names>Магомед Аминович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazimagomedov</surname><given-names>Magomed Aminovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>mail@law-books.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Candidate of Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law Disciplines of the Institute of Advocacy, Notary and International Relations (Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan), acting Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology of the Institute of Finance and Law, member of the Russian Bar Association</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры уголовно-правовых дисциплин Института адвокатуры, нотариата и международных отношений (г. Махачкала, Республика Дагестан), и.о. профессора кафедры уголовного права и криминологии Института финансов и права, член Ассоциации юристов России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-04"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-04"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье автор делает вывод о том, что традиционное разделение стран общего и романо-германского права по их отношению к источникам права носит в значительной степени внешний характер. По существу же, с учетом наличия таких инструментов, как overruling и distinguishing, прецеденты американских судов не носят абсолютно обязательного характера. Одновременно судебная практика высших европейских судов в силу специфики судебной иерархии в значительной степени предопределяет практику судов нижестоящих. С учетом этих тонкостей различение двух этих правовых семей по отношению к роли судебной практики в качестве источника права не может строиться на поверхностном признании такой роли за прецедентами в системе общего права и столь же поверхностном отказе в обязательной силе практике высших судов в странах континентальной правовой семьи. Отличия в этом вопросе между двумя правовыми семьями носят скорее технический, стилистический и процедурный, чем концептуальный характер.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>In the article, the author concludes that the traditional separation of the countries of common and Romano-German law in relation to their sources of law is largely external. In essence, given the presence of tools such as overruling and distinguishing, the precedents of American courts are not absolutely binding. At the same time, the judicial practice of the highest European courts, due to the specifics of the judicial hierarchy, largely predetermines the practice of lower courts. Given these subtleties, the distinction between the two legal families in relation to the role of jurisprudence as a source of law cannot be built on a superficial recognition of such a role behind precedents in the common law system and an equally superficial rejection of the binding practice of the highest courts in the countries of the continental legal family. The differences in this issue between the two legal families are more technical, stylistic and procedural than conceptual.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>правотворчество</kwd><kwd>судебная система США</kwd><kwd>прецедентное право</kwd><kwd>доктрина stare decisis</kwd><kwd>деликтное право</kwd><kwd>вещное право</kwd><kwd>prospective overruling</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>law-making</kwd><kwd>US judicial system</kwd><kwd>case law</kwd><kwd>stare decisis doctrine</kwd><kwd>tort law</kwd><kwd>property law</kwd><kwd>prospective overruling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 366.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 398.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Подробнее см.: Ibid. P. 390 - 392.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997.¬ P. 373.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997.¬ P. 373.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref6"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">О современной теории презумптивного позитивизма см.: Schauer F. Formalism // 97 Yale Law Journal. 1987 - 1988. P. 509 ff.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref7"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick¬ and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 380.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref8"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Herget J., Wallace S. The German Free Law Movement as the Source of American Legal Realism // 73 Virginia Law Review. 1987. P. 437.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref9"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 361.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref10"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory Interpretation. 1999. P. 59 - 113.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref11"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 144 - 146.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref12"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Hart H.M., Sacks A.M. The Legal Process: Basic Problems in the Making and Application of Law. 1994. P. LXVII.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref13"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Цит. по: Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory¬ Interpretation. 1999. P. 133.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref14"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Statutory Interpretation in the United States // Interpreting Statutes: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 2002. P. 456 - 457.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref15"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 446.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref16"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 412 - 419.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref17"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Summers R.S. Statutory Interpretation in the United States // Interpreting Statutes: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 2002. P. 430 - 441.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref18"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 441 - 443.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref19"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 448.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref20"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 457.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref21"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory Interpretation. 1999. P. 121.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref22"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Duxbury N. Patterns of American Jurisprudence. 1997. P. 237.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref23"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Scalia A. A Matter of Interpretation. Federal Courts and the Law. 1998.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref24"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Schauer F. Formalism // 97 Yale Law Journal. 1987 - 1988. P. 509 ff</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref25"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 366.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref26"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 398.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref27"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Podrobnee sm.: Ibid. P. 390 - 392.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref28"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997.¬ P. 373.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref29"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997.¬ P. 373.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref30"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">O sovremennoj teorii prezumptivnogo pozitivizma sm.: Schauer F. Formalism // 97 Yale Law Journal. 1987 - 1988. P. 509 ff.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref31"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick¬ and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 380.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref32"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Herget J., Wallace S. The German Free Law Movement as the Source of American Legal Realism // 73 Virginia Law Review. 1987. P. 437.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref33"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Precedent in the United States (New York State) // Interpreting Precedents: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 1997. P. 361.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref34"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory Interpretation. 1999. P. 59 - 113.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref35"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 144 - 146.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref36"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Hart H.M., Sacks A.M. The Legal Process: Basic Problems in the Making and Application of Law. 1994. P. LXVII.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref37"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Cit. po: Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory¬ Interpretation. 1999. P. 133.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref38"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Statutory Interpretation in the United States // Interpreting Statutes: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 2002. P. 456 - 457.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref39"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 446.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref40"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 412 - 419.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref41"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Summers R.S. Statutory Interpretation in the United States // Interpreting Statutes: A Comparative Study / Ed. by D.N. MacCormick and R.S. Summers. 2002. P. 430 - 441.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref42"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 441 - 443.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref43"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 448.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref44"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 457.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref45"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Popkin W.D. Statutes in Court. The History and Theory of Statutory Interpretation. 1999. P. 121.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref46"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Duxbury N. Patterns of American Jurisprudence. 1997. P. 237.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref47"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Scalia A. A Matter of Interpretation. Federal Courts and the Law. 1998.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref48"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Schauer F. Formalism // 97 Yale Law Journal. 1987 - 1988. P. 509 ff</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
